A Physician determine and prescribe the type of treatment patient needed in Polycythemia Vera after diagnosing and analysing the symptoms. Some possible medications include.

Hydroxyurea :
This medication reduces the number of platelets in blood cells.

Salicylates (such as Aspirin) :
This medication lower the increased temperature and reduces redness of skin that may occur with the condition.

Antihistamines :
This medication is used to decreases itching.

Allopurinol :
Gout is a potential complication of Polycythemia Vera. This medication is use to reduces symptoms of gout.

Surgery and Other Procedures
In Polycythemia Vera blood formation occurs in bone marrow, but in other stages of PV, like Myelofibrosis, CML, and late stage Polycythemia Vera, blood formation could occur in liver and spleen, causing enlargement of these organs.

Surgery is recommended (known as Splenectomy) to remove the organ when enlargement of liver and spleen become painful.

In serious cases of Primary Myelofibrosis, a very high risk surgery know as "Stem Cell Transplant" may be performed to replace the abnormal cells that manufacture blood cells in the bone marrow with healthy stem cells.

In case of CML bone marrow transplant is most suitable. After the transplant of either type, healthy bone marrow cells circulate and begin to grow and produce healthy blood cells.

Phlebotomy may prevent the accumulation of blood and decrease the risk of stroke in individuals with Polycythemia Vera.